Aunque esta historia es precisa hasta el lunes 4 de octubre, esta es una historia que se está moviendo rápidamente. Para conocer los desarrollos de última hora, los lectores también deben consultar aquí y consultar sus departamentos de salud estatales (la lista está aquí).
¿Confundido acerca de si es hora de salir a buscar su vacuna de refuerzo COVID? No estás solo.
Durante las últimas semanas, el debate ha enfurecido, y las decisiones y recomendaciones han llegado de forma rápida y furiosa, y no siempre estuvieron de acuerdo. A partir del 4 de octubre, esto es lo que sabemos, seguido por la ida y vuelta que nos llevó a aquí. Y, para ayudarlo a mantenerse al día, enumeramos enlaces legítimos.
A mediados de agosto, la FDA aprobó un refuerzo de Pfizer-BioNtech o Moderna para ciertas personas que están inmunocomprometidas (como pacientes con cáncer o receptores de trasplantes). Ahora, muchas personas más son elegibles para una dosis de refuerzo.
¿Quién es elegible para un refuerzo ahora?
Los adultos de 65 años o más, junto con los residentes de centros de atención a largo plazo, cuyas dosis iniciales de la vacuna fueron de Pfizer-BioNTech, deben recibir un refuerzo de la vacuna COVID-19 de Pfizer-BioNTech seis meses o más después de sus dos primeras inmunizaciones, según la recomendación emitida por la CDC el 24 de septiembre. Las personas de 50 a 64 años con afecciones médicas subyacentes también deberían hacerlo. Los adultos de 18 a 49 años con afecciones médicas subyacentes pueden recibir un refuerzo 6 meses después de completar la serie primaria, según sus riesgos y beneficios personales. Aquellos de 18 a 49 años que tienen un mayor riesgo de exposición al virus y transmisión del mismo debido a entornos laborales o institucionales, como maestros y trabajadores de primera línea, pueden recibir un refuerzo 6 meses después de los dos primeros, según los riesgos individuales y beneficios.
La recomendación se aplica sólo a aquellos que recibieron la vacuna Pfizer en sus dos primeras rondas.
Qué más saber
La recomendación se aplica sólo a aquellos que recibieron la vacuna Pfizer en sus dos primeras rondas. La vacuna de Pfizer obtuvo su autorización de uso de emergencia (EUA) enmendada por la FDA para su uso en estas poblaciones el 22 de septiembre.)
A continuación, la FDA evaluará los refuerzos J&J y Moderna en las reuniones del 14 y 15 de octubre. La FDA también está evaluando si una media dosis del refuerzo de Moderna será suficiente, dicen los cercanos al proceso (en inglés).
Mientras que las personas pueden ser tentadas a hacer fila para recibir la vacuna Pfizer ahora, incluso si recibieron la vacuna Moderna o J&J inicialmente, no lo haga
Mientras que las personas pueden ser tentadas a hacer fila para recibir la vacuna Pfizer ahora, incluso si recibieron la vacuna Moderna o J&J inicialmente, no lo haga, aconseja William Schaffner, MD, especialista en enfermedades infecciosas del Centro Médico de la Universidad de Vanderbilt, Nashville. Al menos no todavía. La FDA analizará el concepto de mezclar y combinar el 15 de octubre.
“Hay estudios que analizan la combinación y el emparejamiento de diferentes tipos de vacunas”, dice Amesh A. Adalja, MD, investigador principal del Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, Baltimore, “pero por ahora la recomendación será ceñirse a la mismo tipo de vacuna para el refuerzo”.
“No hay prisa”, concuerda Robert Murphy, MD, director ejecutivo del Instituto de Salud Global de la Universidad Northwestern en Chicago. “Pueden esperar a que Moderna y J&J revisen [enmendaron] EUA, probablemente dentro del próximo mes”, dice él.
La recomendación de refuerzos para los mayores de 65 años se basa en datos sólidos, dice Adalja. “Si nos fijamos en las muy raras infecciones de avance que llevan a las personas al hospital o las matan, las personas mayores de 65 años están sobrerrepresentadas”. Pero, agrega, “es importante recordar que las vacunas están destinadas a detener enfermedades graves, hospitalizaciones y muertes. Para la gran mayoría de la población en general, lo están haciendo tremendamente bien”.
La historia de fondo…
La confusión se produjo después de que el Comité Asesor sobre Prácticas de Inmunización de la CDC, que se reunió después de la aprobación de la EUA de la FDA, originalmente excluyó a los trabajadores de primera línea en sus recomendaciones, quienes fueron incluidos en las recomendaciones de la FDA. Pero la directora de la CDC, Rochelle P. Walensky, MD, MPH, los agregó de nuevo poco después de la decisión del panel.
Murphy de Northwestern llama al proceso de aprobación del refuerzo “un desorden”, citando la confusión causada por la ida y vuelta.
Llegar al jab
Consulte con su plan de salud o con las autoridades de salud pública locales para obtener detalles en su área. Por ejemplo, en el condado de Los Ángeles (en inglés), las personas elegibles pueden programar una cita usando el sistema MyTurn o llamar a clínicas o farmacias que ofrecen la vacuna Pfizer. Se requiere prueba de las inyecciones de Pfizer anteriores, como su tarjeta de vacunación o registro digital. También es posible que necesiten firmar un formulario que verifique que son elegibles.
Mantenerse al día
La situación, como dicen, es fluida. Mantenga las pestañas aquí. La página web de su departamento de salud pública local es otra buena fuente.
Este artículo ofrecido por Senior Planet y Older Adults Technology Services es solo para fines informativos y no pretende sustituir el asesoramiento, diagnóstico o tratamiento médico profesional. Siempre busque el consejo de su médico u otro proveedor de salud calificado con cualquier pregunta que pueda tener con respecto a cualquier condición médica. Si cree que puede tener una emergencia médica, llame a su médico o al 911 de inmediato.

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