More than 16 million people 65 and older live alone in the U.S, and more Americans are aging alone without spouses or any close family members. For some it means no family heirs for their estates, but the larger issue is how to face challenges if they are incapacitated or suffer a debilitating long-term illness such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Longer lifespans, gray divorce and a growing trend towards childlessness mean the number or “orphan retirees” is likely to increase. For many of those solo retirees, the biggest issue will be long-term care.
Are there long-term care options for orphan retirees?
There aren’t very many options for solo retirees when it comes to long-term care. Medicare doesn’t cover long-term care, and Medicaid only kicks in when your assets are drawn down.
“There are no solutions if you don’t have money,” says Mary Clements Evans, a financial planner and author of the book, Emotionally Invested, Working to Bring You Financial Happiness & Change the Way You Think About Money. “The solutions if you do have money are pretty good.”
She says 63% of the people in nursing homes are on Medicaid. “If you go into a nursing home, that’s about $120,000 a year,” she says. “A lot of people don’t have an extra $120,000 sitting around, and so then their parent ends up in a Medicaid facility. Because of this cost cutting, the services aren’t great.”
She says the 55+ communities are a good option for those aging alone who can afford them. “Anecdotally, every 55+ community I know has a waiting list,” she says. “But people are doing that because they want an active retirement. They want to be around people, and they’re not around their kids like they used to be. Before it was just all about all this fun stuff (in these communities). But now they are evolving to talking about health.”
Think outside the Box
Eric Bond, President of Octave Wealth Management in Long Beach, California, says you may have to think outside the box. First, he says you should first consider buying a long-term care policy despite the higher costs as you age.
“They maybe have, let’s say, a daughter, but she lives eight states away,” he says. “So, they are kind of are on their own. The daughter doesn’t really come out, or they’re kind of estranged. For these types of people, I would think getting a long-term care policy makes tremendous sense.”
He says it would make sense even if the retiree is 65. Depending on your sex, your long-term care insurance premiums may range from $2,749 to $4,599 annually at 65 years old. And, if you don’t already have coverage at 65, it’s important to purchase a policy as soon as possible – prices for long-term care insurance increase with age.
One way to do that, says Evans, is an annuity with a long-term care option.
“I really don’t like annuities, but in this case, it uses an annuity,” says Evans. “With the good ones you have life insurance coverage from day one. Let’s say you give them $50,000 and you’re killed the next day, the life insurance often pays $100,000. And then, depending on the policy, depending on your age and when you buy it, you get a multiple of that $50,000 as a long-term care coverage.
“And another good thing about the good plans is that with many of them, if you change your mind or something comes up, you can get most of that $50,000 back. That’s about all our firm is doing anymore, because we think that right now, it’s the best type of long-term care coverage out there.”
One of the lucky ones
Lorraine Cichowski, 72, a retired executive living in Florida, has never married and has no children. She has had an estate plan since the Covid 19 outbreak. She has a large extended family and sister living in another state. And she has a host of long-time friends, some going back to high school, but her estate is going to her schools.
She’s had long-term care insurance for 20 years when a former employer offered it. That employer stopped offering it as a benefit a few years later, but she has maintained the policy and has regularly taken advantage of the inflation option to increase the coverage (at an additional cost).
“I’m one of those lucky people,” she says. “I’ve got pensions and deferred compensation plan, so I have income coming in. I have income annuities in addition to pensions and Social Security and different compensation and long-term health coverage. But, generally, maybe like everybody, I wish I would have saved a little bit more money.”
Other Tips for Orphan Retirees
- Assess and re-assess your financial situation periodically.
- Build a sturdy emergency fund safety net.
- Make sure your estate plan is in place; even if you don’t have dependents, estate planning protects your wishes; you need a will, a medical directive and a financial power of attorney if you become incapacitated.
- Check if your life insurance will cover debts or funeral expenses.
- Build your chosen support system of trusted friends, mentors and support groups and consider enlisted paid professional help.
YOUR TURN
Are you an orphan retiree? What are your plans as you get older? Share your tips in the comments!
Stay on top of your finances with Senior Planet from AARP. Join us for live lectures on finance, money management, budgeting tips, articles and more. Check out all our offerings here. Questions? Call our Senior Planet Tech Hotline: 888-713-3495.

Rodney A. Brooks is an award-winning journalist and author. The former Deputy Managing Editor/Money at USA TODAY, his retirement columns appear in U.S. News & World Report and Senior Planet.com. He has also written for National Geographic, The Washington Post and USA TODAY and has testified before the U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging. His book, “The Rise & Fall of the Freedman’s Bank, And Its Lasting Socio-economic Impact on Black America” was released in 2024. He is also author of the book “Fixing the Racial Wealth Gap.” His website is www.rodneyabrooks.com
Your use of any financial advice is at your sole discretion and risk. Seniorplanet.org and Older Adults Technology Services from AARP makes no claim or promise of any result or success.

COMMENTS
20 responses to “Financial Planning for “Orphan Retirees””
I’m sorry but I’ve heard horror stories about long term care insurance. When it first came out, when they wanted to interest future customers, it was great. Now it’s full of exceptions. This is a serious topic that requires lots of in depth research and I think you could do better and in more depth. There are a lot of pitfalls out there. For example; assisted living facilities do not have to keep you once you run out of money. What nursing home will take you when you are broke?
Longtime geriatric social worker here – move to as Assisted Living facility that’s part of a CCRC (Continuing Care Retirement Community) – meaning it has different levels of care – Independent Living, Assisted Living, & Nursing Home. You go the the nursing home when you need more care. They also have a Benevolent Fund for when your funds are depleted in Assisted Living.
The idea is a tiered community that will accept Medicaid is a good one. But I recently read that some were sold to equity firms and they created new contracts and raised rates significantly. So any agreement should include some protection in case that happens.
I am very glad to see this article. Very glad AARP is finally considering the special needs of single childless seniors. I hope more attention will be given to help this group navigate.
This is true &should be illegal. I know from personal experience w/my uncle who needed temp rehab several times. There was a facility he went to that was fantastic (owned by the Archdiocese); it was a facility that was half rehab, half nursing home. So when he needed rehab again, we sent him there. But in the interim it had been sold to some investment group-without a name change &the difference was like night &day. Horrible care, bad food, understaffed, no real rehab sessions. It was criminal.
Thank you for this information. I know that I too will be in this position. I’m an only child, my husband has stage 4 cancer and I know that I will be living alone. I would like to keep up with some of the people who responded here.
I have wondered about long term care as a solo ager. The area where I live has many “step down” facilities but when considering my family history, I may never need one. My Grandmother needed no assistance and she lived to be 95. My Mom and Aunt are near 90 and still very active, driving, doing yard work and more and mentally fit. I bought my current house to be able to age in place. With help as needed. Like everything else in life, nothing is in black and white.
This is one of the best and most thought provoking articles ever.
Thank you
Volunteers of America has Affordable Housing for seniors.
Sadly Seniors=not “important” nor visible. Why aren’t there living options being available, built, affordable, adapted for disabilities & safe mobility?? Hopefully we can get to age safe and gracefully! No one wants to be punished financially, tortured in substandard housing and community at a time when slowing down, experiencing pain, alone, numerous Dr appts.medical decisions. I was employed at a assisted living residential complex. They are not regulated. Theft, poor nutrition, Concerning!
I purchased long term care in my 50’s I am 73 now the problem for me is that I suffer from a number of debilitating and painful illnesses that are not going to kills me just make me miserable every single day.I could use some help right now but my primary care doctor is leaving, no doctors really care and I must tell you that I am scared.
what you said makes so much sense
I too am fearful with very little support and family, but I believe my Higher Power will help me
Nancy, it would be helpful to talk to your long term policy company and see if you can get help now. You shouldn’t have to suffer. Check with your medical insurance company to find a new doctor. Reach out to Your local hospital’s social worker for some advice.
Assisted Living facilities are regulated by STATES – so ALOT depends on what state you’re in
I appreciate this topic being covered, but I bristle at the “orphan” terminology, which to me reads as oddly stigmatizing. Why not just use the phrase unpartnered or solo and leave it at that?
‘Solo Ager’ has long replaced the term ‘elder orphan, as the latter term is negative and misleading. I highly recommend the book,”Essential Retirement Planning for Solo Agers,” by Sara Zeff Geber. Check out her website for videos, podcasts, etc. She is a leader in the solo aging professionals community & is a solo herself.
It is a realistic term, though.
Wish you included comments from others reading. I’m sure many had ideas beyond long term insurance especially us in our later 70s and barely making ends meet and totally alone. It is scary! Especially as our world turns upside down unless your deck is stacked.
Well said.
I have been told that equity firms like to buy retirement centers or nursing homes because it is a cash cow for them. Compassion really isn’t in their vocabulary
Does anyone have information regarding annuities with long term care option ?
All annuities are complicated. One helpful place to start is “Stan the Annuity Man’s” website. [I have no financial interest]. His descriptions, IMO, are more straightforward and less sales-oriented than those published by companies. Obviously, JMO. Here’s one article from a few years’ ago: https://www.stantheannuityman.com/learn/three-ways-a-long-term-care-annuity-works
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